Marc Antony declared her son Caesarion as the legal heir of Julius Caesar.She claimed to be the reincarnation of the Egyptian god Isis.Cleopatra could speak at least seven languages including Greek and Egyptian.Her death brought an end to the Ptolemy dynasty and the Egyptian Empire. With Cleopatra's death, Octavian took control of Egypt and it became part of the Roman Empire. She killed herself by allowing a poisonous cobra to bite her. When Cleopatra heard that Antony was dead, she became very sad. Upon hearing the false news that Cleopatra had died, Antony killed himself. He soon realized that he was going to be captured by Octavian. After fleeing to Egypt, Marc Antony returned to the battlefield hoping to recover and defeat Octavian.
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The death of Cleopatra is shrouded with mystery and romance. Antony and Cleopatra were defeated by Octavian and had to retreat to Egypt. The two forces met at the Battle of Actium. She hoped that Marc Antony could help her achieve this goal.Ĭleopatra and Marc Antony combined their armies in order to fight Octavian. Cleopatra wanted her son, Caesarion, to be Caesar's heir and to eventually become ruler of Rome. Octavian was the legal heir of Julius Caesar. They also formed a military alliance against another of Rome's leaders, Octavian. In 41 BC, Cleopatra and Marc Antony met and fell in love. One of the three leaders to emerge in Rome after Caesar's death was Marc Antony. In 44 BC, Julius Caesar was assassinated and Cleopatra returned to Egypt. She was a popular ruler among the people of Egypt both because she embraced the Egyptian culture and because the country was prosperous during her rule. She built up the Egyptian economy, establishing trade with many Arab nations. Cleopatra visited Rome and stayed at one of Caesar's country houses.ĭespite her romance with Caesar, Cleopatra wanted Egypt to remain independent of Rome. She would first rule alongside another younger brother, Ptolemy XIV, and later, after Ptolemy XIV died, she ruled with her son Ptolemy Caesarion.Ĭleopatra and Julius Caesar fell in love. Caesar defeated Ptolemy's army at the Battle of the Nile and Ptolemy drowned in the Nile River while trying to escape. She met with Caesar and convinced him to help her win back the throne. Cleopatra snuck back into the palace hidden inside a rolled up carpet. In 48 BC, Julius Caesar arrived in Egypt. Eventually he forced Cleopatra from the palace and took over as Pharaoh.
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However, as her brother grew older he began to want more power. Cleopatra and her ten-year-old brother were married and were to rule Egypt as co-rulers.īecause she was much older, Cleopatra quickly took control as the main ruler of Egypt. He left the throne to both her and her younger brother, Ptolemy XIII. When Cleopatra was eighteen years old her father died. Unlike many of her relatives, however, Cleopatra also learned many other languages including Egyptian and Latin. Cleopatra grew up speaking, reading, and writing Greek.
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Even though they ruled Egypt, they were actually of Greek descent. They were the Ptolemy dynasty that had been established by the Greek ruler Alexander the Great. Cleopatra's family had ruled Egypt for 300 years.